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Timing of late Quaternary glaciations south of Mount Everest in the Khumbu Himal, Nepal

Ben W.M. Richards¹, Douglas I. Benn^*,2, Lewis A. Owen^,3, Edward J. Rhodes^,4 and Joel Q. Spencer^,5

¹ Department of Geography, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
² School of Geography and Geosciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9ST, UK
³ Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
⁴ Department of Archaeology, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PR, UK
⁵ Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA

Moraines south of Mount Everest in the Khumbu Himal were dated using optically stimulated luminescence. Clustering of ages and morphostratigraphy allowed three advances to be dated: (1) the Periche Glacial Stage (ca. 18–25 ka), (2) the Chhukung Glacial Stage (ca. 10 ka), and (3) the Lobuche Stage (ca. 1–2 ka). The Periche Stage is coincident with Oxygen Isotope Stage 2; the Chhukung Stage represents a late glacial or early Holocene glacial advance; and the Lobuche Stage is a late Holocene glacial advance that predates the Little Ice Age.

Key Words: dating • glaciers • Himalaya • Last Glacial Maximum • monsoons • Mount Everest

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